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In the late 19th century, the French Quarter became a less trendy part of the city. This name is used to this day for the dividing strips in the New Orleans area.Įven before the Civil War, the French-speaking Creoles were a minority in the French Quarter. Therefore it became known as the "neutral ground". (Local landowners arrested the Creole architect and surveyor Barthelemy Lafon so that he would divide up their land to establish an American suburb) The dividing strip of the wide boulevard became a place where the two cultures could meet to do business in French and English language. This thoroughfare became the meeting point of two cultures, the French-speaking Creoles living there and the newly arrived English-speaking Americans. When English-speaking Americans began moving to New Orleans after the Louisiana Purchase, most of them built on the available land upriver beyond what is now Canal Street. (In southeast Louisiana, a distinction is made between “balconies”, which are self-supporting and attached to the side of the building, and “galleries”, which are supported by posts or columns.) As a result, colorful walls and roofs as well as lavishly decorated, wrought-iron balconies and galleries from the late 18th and early 19th centuries characterize the streetscape. In addition, the wooden house paneling was replaced in favor of the fire-resistant stucco, which was painted in the then fashionable pastel colors. The old French roofs were replaced by tile roofs. With their new, strict fire protection ordinance, it was decreed that all buildings are physically adjacent and close to the curb in order to create a fire wall.
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Following this, the new Spanish colonial rulers had the destroyed parts rebuilt in the then contemporary style. Before that, the New Orleans Great Fires of 17 destroyed most of the old French colonial architecture. Therefore, the Spanish supremacy over the city is also reflected in the architecture. Most of the French Quarter was built during the late 18th century. The Quarter is a subdistrict of the French Quarter / CBD Area.Ī carriage ride through the French Quarter (2007) The size of the district of the National Historic Landmark is listed as 85 blocks. Louis Street and North Rampart Street to the west. According to the Urban Planning Commission, the boundaries of the district are defined as follows: Esplanade Avenue to the north the Mississippi River to the east Canal Street, Decatur Street, and Iberville Street to the south and Basin Street, St. According to some definitions, such as building planning law, this does not include the properties opposite Canal Street, many of which have been redeveloped because they are listed, nor the section between Decatur Street and the Mississippi River, where most of the properties have long been industrial and Storage building stand.Īny change to the buildings in the remaining blocks is subject to review by the Vieux Carré Commission, which will determine whether a proposal is appropriate for the historic character of the district. The French Quarter, by the most popular definition, encompasses the entire country along the Mississippi River from Canal Street to Esplanade Avenue (13 blocks) and inland to Rampart Street (seven to nine blocks). Of this, 0.49 square miles (1.3 km²) is land and 0.17 square miles (0.4 km²) is covered by water. According to the United States Census Bureau (USCB), the district has a total area of 0.66 square miles (1.7 km² ). The French Quarter is three feet (0.9 m) high. Because of its distance from the areas where the dam broke during Hurricane Katrina in 2005, as well as the solid and high dams to the nearby Mississippi River, the French Quarter experienced relatively minor flood damage compared to other areas of the city and the greater region. It is the first stop for tourists in the city and a magnet for residents. The district as a whole, with its numerous unique buildings, was added to the list of National Historic Landmarks that are separately considered significant. Most of the preserved historic buildings were erected either in the late 18th century, when the city was still part of the viceroyalty of New Spain, or during the first half of the 19th century, after the French colony of Louisiana became part of the United States and then a state. The neighborhood is now commonly called the French Quarter, or simply "The Quarter," based on the influx of American immigrants following the Louisiana Purchase. After New Orleans was founded in 1718 by Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville, the city developed around the central square Vieux Carré ( German "old place"). The French Quarter, also known as the Vieux Carré, is the oldest neighborhood in New Orleans.